企(qi)業名稱:河南德豐機(ji)械制(zhi)造有限責任公司
聯(lian)系人:馮經理
電話:0395-8299999
手(shou)機:18839577779
郵(you)箱(xiang):henandefeng@126.com
傳真(zhen):0395-8288266
網址:lnxwd.com.cn
地址(zhi):河南(nan)省臨潁縣城北107國道巨陵路(lu)口南(nan)500米
下面紅薯磨粉機廠家河南德豐給你說說紅薯淀粉制造技術:
1、工藝流程(cheng):原料選擇→水洗→破碎→磨碎過(guo)濾→兌漿(jiang)→撇(pie)(pie)缸和坐(zuo)缸→撇(pie)(pie)漿(jiang)→起粉→干燥(zao)。
2、工藝操(cao)作要點(dian):
(1)原(yuan)料選擇:由(you)于紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)不(bu)同,其品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)與淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)含量也(ye)不(bu)同,即使同一(yi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong),在不(bu)同產地,其品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)也(ye)有很大差(cha)異。選用“一(yi)窩紅(hong)(hong)”、“勝利百(bai)號(hao)”等(deng)白心(xin)(xin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong),比(bi)“138”等(deng)紅(hong)(hong)心(xin)(xin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)可(ke)多出(chu)(chu)淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)10%左右(you),而且(qie)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)塊(kuai)(kuai)白,粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)質(zhi)好。另(ling)外(wai)需適時(shi)(shi)起(qi)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)起(qi)早(zao)了成(cheng)熟不(bu)夠,出(chu)(chu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)率(lv)(lv)低;起(qi)晚(wan)了易受霜凍,也(ye)影響(xiang)出(chu)(chu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)率(lv)(lv)。早(zao)熟品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)以9月10日~20日、晚(wan)熟品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)以下(xia)霜前3~5天起(qi)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),出(chu)(chu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)率(lv)(lv)高(gao)。因為此時(shi)(shi)氣溫適宜(yi),紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)碎后(hou)(hou)(hou)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)漿(jiang)發(fa)酵快,出(chu)(chu)淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)多。如果(guo)起(qi)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)時(shi)(shi)間過晚(wan),氣溫降低,薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)塊(kuai)(kuai)內淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)逐漸(jian)轉化(hua)為糖,出(chu)(chu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)率(lv)(lv)就(jiu)下(xia)降了。應盡量縮短貯期,農(nong)村(cun)中(zhong)有先貯藏(zang),后(hou)(hou)(hou)加工(gong)的(de)習慣(guan),非常影響(xiang)紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)出(chu)(chu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)率(lv)(lv)。紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)起(qi)出(chu)(chu)來之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou),隨著貯存時(shi)(shi)間的(de)延(yan)長,淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)逐漸(jian)糖化(hua),出(chu)(chu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)率(lv)(lv)就(jiu)會降低。起(qi)收(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)馬上(shang)就(jiu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)碎,出(chu)(chu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)率(lv)(lv)可(ke)達35%左右(you);起(qi)收(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)放20天,出(chu)(chu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)率(lv)(lv)就(jiu)降低20%左右(you)。因此,在起(qi)收(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)20天內把紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)加工(gong)完(wan),可(ke)提高(gao)出(chu)(chu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)率(lv)(lv)10%~12%。如果(guo)紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)量多,也(ye)可(ke)先貯藏(zang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)加工(gong),但應盡量縮短貯藏(zang)期,并注意掌握好窖內溫濕度,以防紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)于心(xin)(xin)。帶病的(de)紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)不(bu)僅不(bu)適合做淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)加工(gong)原(yuan)料,而且(qie)在貯藏(zang)中(zhong)還會傳染(ran)給別的(de)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)塊(kuai)(kuai),易發(fa)生腐爛(lan)造成(cheng)損失(shi),因此要把病薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)剔除干凈。
(2)水洗:將(jiang)鮮薯倒入(ru)缸(gang)中加入(ru)清水,用(yong)人工進(jin)行翻(fan)洗,洗完后取出(chu),瀝去余水。
(3)破碎(sui):瀝(li)水后的鮮薯用破碎(sui)機打成碎(sui)塊,塊的大小為(wei)2厘(li)米以(yi)下,以(yi)利(li)于(yu)磨碎(sui)。
(4)磨(mo)碎(sui)過(guo)濾:這是(shi)紅薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)淀(dian)粉生(sheng)產的(de)(de)主要(yao)環節,影響(xiang)產品(pin)質(zhi)量和淀(dian)粉產出率。將鮮薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)碎(sui)塊(kuai)送入石磨(mo)或金剛砂磨(mo)加(jia)水磨(mo)成薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)糊,鮮薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)重量與加(jia)水量的(de)(de)比例為1∶3~3.5。再將薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)糊傾入孔徑為60目的(de)(de)篩子(zi)中進行(xing)過(guo)濾。
(5)兌漿(jiang)(jiang):經(jing)(jing)過(guo)濾得到的(de)(de)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)粉乳(ru)(ru)放入大(da)缸中,隨即按比例加入酸(suan)(suan)漿(jiang)(jiang)和(he)(he)(he)水調整淀(dian)(dian)(dian)粉乳(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)酸(suan)(suan)度和(he)(he)(he)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)度。淀(dian)(dian)(dian)粉乳(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)酸(suan)(suan)度和(he)(he)(he)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)度與(yu)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)粉和(he)(he)(he)蛋白(bai)質的(de)(de)沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)有密切關(guan)系。若(ruo)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)粉乳(ru)(ru)酸(suan)(suan)度過(guo)大(da),淀(dian)(dian)(dian)粉和(he)(he)(he)蛋白(bai)質同時沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian),使(shi)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)粉分(fen)離不(bu)清(qing)。酸(suan)(suan)度過(guo)小,則蛋白(bai)質和(he)(he)(he)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)粉均沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)好,呈乳(ru)(ru)狀液(ye),無法分(fen)離。根(gen)據生(sheng)產經(jing)(jing)驗,酸(suan)(suan)漿(jiang)(jiang)最佳pH值(zhi)為(wei)3.6~4.0。大(da)缸中淀(dian)(dian)(dian)粉乳(ru)(ru)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)度為(wei)3.5~4.0波美度,加入酸(suan)(suan)漿(jiang)(jiang)量為(wei)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)粉乳(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)2%,加酸(suan)(suan)漿(jiang)(jiang)后淀(dian)(dian)(dian)粉乳(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)pH值(zhi)為(wei)5.6。若(ruo)氣溫高,發酵快,酸(suan)(suan)漿(jiang)(jiang)用量可酌量減少。
(6)撇缸(gang)和坐(zuo)缸(gang):兌漿(jiang)后約靜置(zhi)20~30分鐘,使(shi)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)完(wan)成(cheng),即可(ke)(ke)進行撇缸(gang)。將上(shang)層清泔(gan)水(shui)及蛋白質、纖維和少量淀(dian)(dian)粉(fen)的(de)混合液取出,留(liu)在底層的(de)為(wei)(wei)淀(dian)(dian)粉(fen)。在撇缸(gang)后的(de)底層淀(dian)(dian)粉(fen)中(zhong)加(jia)水(shui)混合,調成(cheng)淀(dian)(dian)粉(fen)乳,使(shi)淀(dian)(dian)粉(fen)再沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)。在沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)過程中(zhong)起酸漿(jiang)發(fa)酵(jiao)作用(yong),稱坐(zuo)缸(gang)。坐(zuo)缸(gang)時應(ying)控制溫度和時間(jian)。坐(zuo)缸(gang)溫度為(wei)(wei)20℃左右(you)。在天冷時須保溫或在加(jia)水(shui)混合時可(ke)(ke)用(yong)熱水(shui)。坐(zuo)缸(gang)發(fa)酵(jiao)須發(fa)透,在發(fa)酵(jiao)過程中(zhong)適當地攪(jiao)拌,促(cu)使(shi)發(fa)酵(jiao)完(wan)成(cheng)。一(yi)般坐(zuo)缸(gang)時間(jian)為(wei)(wei)24小時。天熱可(ke)(ke)相應(ying)縮(suo)短一(yi)些時間(jian)。發(fa)酵(jiao)完(wan)畢,淀(dian)(dian)粉(fen)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)。
(7)撇(pie)(pie)漿(jiang)(jiang)過(guo)濾:坐缸所(suo)生成的(de)酸(suan)(suan)漿(jiang)(jiang)稱為二和漿(jiang)(jiang),即(ji)酸(suan)(suan)漿(jiang)(jiang)法中(zhong)主要使用(yong)的(de)酸(suan)(suan)漿(jiang)(jiang)。發(fa)酵(jiao)正常的(de)酸(suan)(suan)漿(jiang)(jiang)有清(qing)香(xiang)味,漿(jiang)(jiang)色潔白如牛奶。若發(fa)酵(jiao)不足或(huo)發(fa)酵(jiao)過(guo)頭(tou)的(de)酸(suan)(suan)漿(jiang)(jiang),色澤和香(xiang)味均差,供兌漿(jiang)(jiang)用(yong)時(shi)效果(guo)不好。撇(pie)(pie)漿(jiang)(jiang)即(ji)是將上(shang)層酸(suan)(suan)漿(jiang)(jiang)撇(pie)(pie)出作為兌漿(jiang)(jiang)之(zhi)用(yong)。撇(pie)(pie)漿(jiang)(jiang)后的(de)淀(dian)粉(fen)用(yong)篩孔(kong)為120目的(de)細篩進(jin)行篩分。篩上(shang)物(wu)為細渣,可作飼料。篩下物(wu)為淀(dian)粉(fen),轉入小缸。淀(dian)粉(fen)轉入小缸后,加水漂洗淀(dian)粉(fen),約需放(fang)置24小時(shi),防止出現發(fa)酵(jiao)現象。
(8)起粉(fen)(fen)(fen):淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)在小缸(gang)中沉淀后,上層液體為小漿,可(ke)(ke)與酸(suan)漿配合使用(yong),或作(zuo)為磨碎用(yong)水。撇(pie)去小漿后,在淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)表面(mian)留(liu)有(you)(you)一層灰白的油(you)粉(fen)(fen)(fen),系含有(you)(you)蛋白質(zhi)的不純(chun)淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)。油(you)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)水從淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)表面(mian)洗(xi)去,洗(xi)出液可(ke)(ke)作(zuo)為培養酸(suan)漿的營養物料,底(di)層淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)用(yong)鏟子取出,淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)底(di)部可(ke)(ke)能有(you)(you)細砂粘附,應將(jiang)其刷去。
(9)干燥:經(jing)過上述流程,獲得濕淀粉(fen)。為了便于貯(zhu)藏和運(yun)輸須進行(xing)干燥。一般采(cai)用日光曬于或(huo)送(song)入(ru)烘(hong)房烘(hong)干。